Summary
- Separate technical coordination, standards, network operation, market power and public law.
- Each decision path needs participation, published reasoning, review and a clear boundary on enforcement.
Internet governance spans states, standards bodies, registries, operators, platforms and users. Calling all of it multistakeholder can hide unequal power and the difference between advice and binding authority. The next useful evidence is a decision map for one issue, naming mandate, affected groups, funding, implementation and appeal. Distributed governance is resilient when responsibility can be followed end to end, not when fragmentation lets every institution point elsewhere.
