WhatsApp LLC

WhatsApp is a risk and accountability case because a messaging service known for end-to-end encryption had to confront a different trust boundary: the endpoint, the call stack, and the platform infrastructure that could be abused before a message was ever read. The public record around CVE-2019-3568, WhatsApp's litigation against NSO Group, later court rulings, and public-interest documentation shows that encryption alone cannot answer the accountability question. The question is who had control over exploit repair, user notice, infrastructure abuse, commercial spyware deterrence, and evidence that a platform can defend high-risk users against targeted intrusion.