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LACNIC · RIR 观察

PDP Chair Election Procedure

从这里开始,逐项查看提案记录:发生了哪些变化、为何重要、各方提出了什么主张、立场如何演变、最终作出了什么决定,以及证据仍存在哪些缺口。

来源事实

政策编号
LAC-2019-7
RIR
LACNIC
官方状态
Abandoned
标准化状态
已放弃
提出时间
未知
最近来源更新
2026年10月8日
覆盖范围
部分

究竟是谁影响了这场辩论?

3参与者总数
3讨论参与者
1正式角色
5讨论消息
2.3有效参与者
100%前五名讨论占比
1覆盖 50% 讨论的人数
2覆盖 80% 讨论的人数

BTW 分析

BTW 分析

发生了什么变化

LAC-2019-7 拟修改 PDP 主席选举程序。已留存的八个版本包含实质修订。第八版要求候选人和选民在选举开始前加入政策邮件列表至少六个月,提名须与成员机构的会员联系人关联,并规定职务不相容、取消候选资格及选举无效等安排。董事会被设为选举事务的最高申诉层级,可将相关职能委托给选举委员会。与第七版相比,第八版恢复了不限次数连任,并将邮件列表使用禁令从选举用途收窄为竞选宣传。这些是提案条款,不能视为已经实施。

讨论真正围绕什么

争论的核心是:如何保护选举,同时避免把开放的社区程序转变为更受机构控制的程序。提案提出存在干预和欺诈风险,但这些指控并未因写入提案就得到独立证实。一名通信者在三封邮件中反对提案过于复杂、扩大董事会职责,同时认为单独规定加入列表的最低时长可能有价值。另一名通信者有条件地赞成通过明确程序公布候选人的支持声明,以减少伪造支持等问题。第三人的回复讨论程序和后续版本,不能据此认定其支持整份提案。

占上风的论点

  • 现有决定记录没有说明哪项论点占了上风。仅凭提案被放弃,无法断定复杂性或机构控制方面的反对意见促成了这一结果。

未被采纳的论点

  • LACNIC 将提案记为已放弃,因此现有记录不能证明整套改革获采纳;这也不等于每一项防护措施都因其内容而遭到否定。

决定与讨论

LACNIC 政策页面记载的放弃日期为 2022 年 8 月 22 日。目前关联的五封讨论邮件覆盖 2019 年 5 月至 2020 年 6 月,证明讨论早于 2021 年,但未解释后来的处理结果。程序性回复、对单项机制的附条件支持,以及对整体设计的反对,不能简单折算成赞成票与反对票。

参与集中度

现有讨论记录包含三名参与者在四个活跃日发送的五封邮件。一人发了三封,占 60%;按邮件份额计算的 HHI 为 0.44,相当于约 2.27 名发言量相同的参与者。这些数字仅描述尚不完整的证据范围,不代表整个社区、投票权重或决定权。同一个人反复提出异议,不等于有三名独立反对者。

关键控制点分析

六个月的资格期限和会员联系人提名要求,会影响哪些人能够进入选举。因竞选宣传或足够的欺诈迹象而取消资格,使规则解释与执行具有实际影响。董事会的最高申诉地位会集中复核权限,授权安排则决定由谁实际行使这些职能。不限次数连任可能有利于连续性和现任者。这是对提案机制及潜在影响的分析,不是对滥权事实或已实施权限的认定。

不确定性

  • 提案最初提交日期及八个版本各自的准确发布日期仍未核实。页面的 2021 年 8 月 30 日最后修改时间,不能用来证明提案或全部版本均始于该日。
  • 完整讨论及放弃原因仍有缺口;新增证据可能改变参与分布和因果判断。
  • 部分留存邮件的重音字符已损坏,部分公开身份尚未厘清。不能把引述或转述的立场归给回复邮件的作者。

政策演变

2
已放弃 · Abandoned
未知
来源事实 ↗

PDP chair role incompatibilities · The proposed incompatibility rule changes from barring other positions within RIR/NIR, ICANN, TLD, or similar organizational structures to barring roles directly involved in any phase of the policy development process. The new wording also expressly provides that an elected candidate will cease in, or not assume, the incompatible role as specified in the nomination.

Candidate membership qualification and nomination support · Candidate qualification changes from being a LACNIC member or being supported by two LACNIC members to being the membership contact of a LACNIC member organization or being nominated by two such membership contacts.

Electoral use of the Public Policy List and disqualification · The rule requiring candidates to comply strictly with the AUP and allowing supporter AUP violations to disqualify a candidate is replaced by a rule under which electoral use of the list, including by candidate supporters, may result in disqualification at the chairs' discretion when there is evidence of collusion.

Fraud findings and invalidation of the election process · The fraud provision is revised to apply at any time during the process and expressly permits disqualification of implicated candidates or invalidation and repetition of the entire process. The revised text directs that the replacement timeline align the election results as closely as possible with the following Public Policy Forum.

Runoff election trigger · Runoff voting is expanded beyond a tie between leading candidates. In an election with more than two candidates, a runoff between the top two candidates is also required when the leading candidate's margin is less than 10%.

Assessment of post-result objections · The objection standard changes from assessing whether objections are significant to assessing whether they are both significant and proven. The ratification condition is also rephrased so ratification proceeds if no objections are raised or the chairs decide not to consider them.

Recusal of a chair who is a candidate · A candidate-chair's recusal expands from abstaining only as chair during ratification to abstaining from every aspect of the election process. The revised text additionally requires the Board of Directors to appoint one or two non-candidate community members, as applicable, to chair the process.

Election appeals · The supplied new text adds that the LACNIC Board of Directors is the highest instance of appeal for matters relating to the election process; the supplied old text contains no corresponding appeal provision.

3
已放弃 · Abandoned
未知
来源事实 ↗

Candidate nomination sponsorship · The candidate sponsorship alternative changes from nomination by "two membership contact" of a single LACNIC member organization to nomination by two membership contacts of LACNIC member organizations, clarifying that two contacts are required and allowing the wording to encompass multiple organizations.

Chair reelection eligibility · The old text says chairs are "illegible" to run again after a one-year pause; the new text says they are "eligible" to run again. This reverses the literal eligibility rule after the pause.

Voter eligibility and voter registry controls · The fixed rule allowing participation by anyone who had been on the Public Policy List for at least six months is replaced by a voter-registry anti-tampering provision under which efforts will be made to exclude election-only subscribers, with a subscription cutoff of an unspecified number of months offered as an example.

One-vote safeguard · The electronic-voting safeguard changes from an unqualified requirement to use mechanisms ensuring one vote per voter to a requirement to ensure this only "to the extent possible."

Electoral misuse of the Public Policy List · Disqualification for collusive electoral use of the list is no longer expressly stated to be at the discretion of the chairs; the new text retains possible disqualification where there is evidence of collusion without identifying that decision-maker in this provision.

Fraud findings and process invalidation authority · The old text expressly assigns the chairs responsibility for determining whether sufficient indications of fraud exist and authority to disqualify candidates or invalidate the process. The new text uses impersonal or passive language and no longer expressly assigns those decisions to the chairs.

Candidate acceptance announcement · The announcement provision changes from publishing the names of "acceptable candidates" to publishing the names of candidates who meet all requirements and have been accepted, expressly linking publication to satisfaction of the requirements and acceptance.

Community information about candidates and Board disqualification · The old text allows community submissions consisting of expressions of support and information for objections and requires simultaneous publication. The new text instead conditions publication on confirmation of the information and expressly authorizes the Board to disqualify one or more candidates based on that information.

Tie definition and runoff threshold · The old text triggers a runoff for an exact tie or, when there are more than two candidates, when the leading margin is below 10%. The new text defines any difference below 10% as a tie and provides for a runoff between the top two when there are more than two candidates.

Objections and ratification authority · Responsibility for receiving objections, assessing whether they are significant and proven, and ratifying the winner shifts from the acting chairs to the LACNIC Board.

Recusal and replacement when a chair is a candidate · The old text requires a chair who is running to abstain from every aspect of the election process and requires the Board to appoint one or two non-candidate community members to chair the process. The new text omits this recusal-and-replacement provision while assigning the objection and ratification decision to the Board.

4
已放弃 · Abandoned
未知
来源事实 ↗

Restrictions on the two PDP Chairs' affiliations · The restriction preventing both chairs from being from the same country was replaced by a restriction preventing them from being from the same company or the same or related companies. The former exception also specified how one chair would cease serving at the following election, while the replacement exception contains no corresponding cessation procedure.

Nature and compensation of Chair work · The positions were described as honorary; the replacement text expressly describes the work as voluntary and unpaid.

Candidate residency and member-contact nomination requirements · Candidate eligibility changed from being a LACNIC member-organization contact or being nominated by two such contacts to residing in the region for more than half the year and being either a member-organization contact or nominated by one such contact.

Voter-registry subscription cutoff · The illustrative cutoff based on subscribers who joined an unspecified “n” months before the process was replaced by a fixed requirement that subscribers have joined at least six months before the process.

Delegation of election-process functions · A provision was added allowing the Board of Directors to delegate its election-process functions to a Fiscal Commission or equivalent body; the prior text proceeded directly from the Board's appellate authority to additional information.

Implementation timetable · The timetable field changed from “Immediate implementation” to a dash, with no timetable value stated in the supplied replacement text.

5
已放弃 · Abandoned
未知
来源事实 ↗

PDP Chair candidate eligibility and nomination requirements · The candidate requirement no longer states that candidates must reside in the region more than 50% of the year. It instead requires a candidate to be the membership contact of a LACNIC member organization or to be nominated by such a membership contact.

PDP Chair re-election limits · The re-election rule changes from allowing only one consecutive term followed by a one-year pause to allowing re-election once and renewed eligibility after a period of at least one year.

6
已放弃 · Abandoned
未知
来源事实 ↗

Restrictions on chairs' country and organizational affiliation · The restriction changed from prohibiting chairs from the same or related companies to prohibiting chairs from the same country or from the same or related organizations, while retaining an exception when no other acceptable candidates exist.

Use of the Public Policy List for electoral purposes · The earlier text tied possible disqualification to electoral use of the list by persons supportive of a candidate where collusion was evidenced. The revised text expressly prohibits electoral use of the list, including expressions for or against candidates, and specifies that proven collusion with a candidate may disqualify that candidate.

Election process scheduling · The fixed schedule requiring a call for candidates on the first day of the month three full months before the term ends, with a 28-to-31-day nomination phase, was replaced by a requirement to begin sufficiently early to permit completion before the outgoing chair's term ends even if the process must be repeated.

Community information concerning candidates · The fixed ten-day community-information period, mandatory simultaneous publication of confirmed information, and resulting Board disqualification authority were replaced by a period of at least ten days for submitting relevant information to the Board, with the Board empowered to decide on its use, publication, and potential disqualification.

Voting period · The requirement that voting begin on the first working Monday after the preceding period and remain open for exactly seven calendar days was replaced by a requirement that voting remain open for no less than seven calendar days, without the prior Monday-based start rule.

Winner determination and runoff voting · The earlier rule treated a vote difference below 10% as a tie and conditionally required a runoff between the two leading candidates. The revised rule elects the candidate with the most votes, limits runoff voting to an actual tie between the two highest tied candidates, and requires the runoff to remain open for at least seven calendar days.

Announcement of voting results · The requirement for LACNIC to announce first-round and applicable runoff results immediately was replaced by a requirement to announce each voting round's result as soon as feasible.

7
已放弃 · Abandoned
未知
来源事实 ↗

Current-text vacancy replacement term · In the quoted current text, the prior statement that a person elected after a failed ratification serves only the remainder of the original term is replaced by a statement that the Board-appointed chair serves only until an election can be held and a winner ratified.

Incompatible roles for PDP Chairs · The proposed incompatibility rule is revised from roles involved in any phase of the policy-development process to roles directly involved in its flow, with the Electoral Commission and Board of Directors added as examples; the procedure for relinquishing an incompatible role is also rephrased.

Geographic and organizational diversity of Chairs · The proposed restriction preventing both Chairs from being from the same country or the same or related organizations, except when no other acceptable candidates exist, is removed.

Voter registry eligibility · The voter-registry rule changes from an effort-based mechanism intended to exclude election-only subscribers to a categorical statement that the registry comprises persons who subscribed at least six months before the election process began.

Use of the Public Policy List for electoral purposes · The blanket prohibition on electoral use of the list, including expressions for or against candidates, is replaced by a prohibition that expressly excepts LACNIC announcements. Candidate disqualification is changed from being tied to evidence of collusion to being a possible consequence of noncompliance generally.

Fraud remedies and repeat-election timing · The fraud provision is condensed. It retains possible candidate disqualification and election invalidation but removes the explicit requirement that LACNIC repeat the entire process and the requirement to align the repeated election results as closely as possible with the following Public Policy Forum.

Election scheduling, candidate publication, and community review · The proposed requirements to start elections sufficiently early for a repeat process, publish the accepted candidates, and provide at least ten calendar days for community submissions about candidates are removed.

Voting duration, winner determination, runoff, and result announcements · The proposed minimum seven-day voting period, highest-vote winner rule, minimum seven-day runoff procedure for ties, and prompt announcement of each voting round are removed.

Objections and Board ratification procedure · The proposed seven-day period for objections, Board assessment of whether objections are significant and proven, and express Board ratification of the winning candidate are removed.

Term following failed ratification or early vacancy · The prior proposal stated that the person elected after a failed ratification would serve only the remainder of the original term. The revised proposal instead states that the Board-appointed chair serves until an election can be held and a winner ratified, while retaining application of the mechanism to resignation or failure to perform responsibilities.

Delegation of Board election functions · The body to which the Board may delegate election-related functions is changed from a Fiscal Commission or equivalent to an Electoral Commission or equivalent.

8
已放弃 · Abandoned
未知
来源事实 ↗

PDP chair reelection eligibility · The reelection rule changed from allowing only one consecutive reelection followed by a waiting period of at least one year to allowing unlimited reelection.

Use of the Public Policy List during elections · The prohibited use of the list changed from the broader category of "electoral purposes" to "campaigning."

讨论时间线

  1. 官方版本

    1

    已放弃 · Abandoned

    来源事实 ↗
  2. 官方版本

    2

    已放弃 · Abandoned

    来源事实 ↗
  3. 官方版本

    3

    已放弃 · Abandoned

    来源事实 ↗
  4. 官方版本

    4

    已放弃 · Abandoned

    来源事实 ↗
  5. 官方版本

    5

    已放弃 · Abandoned

    来源事实 ↗
  6. 官方版本

    6

    已放弃 · Abandoned

    来源事实 ↗
  7. 官方版本

    7

    已放弃 · Abandoned

    来源事实 ↗
  8. 官方版本

    8

    已放弃 · Abandoned

    来源事实 ↗
  9. 公开讨论

    [LACNIC/Politicas] Nueva versión de la propuesta LAC-2019-7

    3 讨论消息 · 1 实体

    来源事实 ↗
  10. 官方决定

    abandoned

    abandoned

    来源事实 ↗

实体

新鲜度: 已过期 · 最近刷新: · 最近一次刷新失败。现已显示上一次成功的结果。
  1. 讨论消息3
    首次活动2020年6月29日
    最近活动2020年6月30日
    首次明确立场反对
    最近明确立场反对
    立场变化0
    观点一致性一致
    其他政策5
  2. Arturo Servin · 身份尚未解析
    讨论消息1
    首次活动2019年5月15日
    最近活动2019年5月15日
    首次明确立场修改后支持
    最近明确立场修改后支持
    立场变化0
    观点一致性证据不足,无法评估一致性
    其他政策10
  3. 讨论消息1
    首次活动2019年6月24日
    最近活动2019年6月24日
    首次明确立场未知
    最近明确立场未知
    立场变化0
    观点一致性证据不足,无法评估一致性
    其他政策33

来源与覆盖

公开讨论记录

  • lacnic-politicas
    最早收录
    1999年10月21日
    最近收录
    2026年10月5日
    最近刷新
    2026年8月13日
    覆盖范围
    来源覆盖尚不完整。
    加载中
    5,161
    已知缺口
    26
  • www.lacnic.net
  • lacnic-anuncios
    最早收录
    2026年8月13日
    最近收录
    2026年10月7日
    最近刷新
    2026年10月8日
    覆盖范围
    来源覆盖尚不完整。
    加载中
    2,051
    已知缺口
    0
  • lacnic-ietf-lac
    最早收录
    2013年5月30日
    最近收录
    2015年12月30日
    最近刷新
    2026年10月8日
    覆盖范围
    来源覆盖尚不完整。
    加载中
    1,133
    已知缺口
    0
  • lacnic-infofrida
    最早收录
    2006年8月14日
    最近收录
    2011年9月13日
    最近刷新
    2026年10月8日
    覆盖范围
    来源覆盖尚不完整。
    加载中
    287
    已知缺口
    0
  • lacnic-iot
    最早收录
    2015年10月6日
    最近收录
    2017年7月11日
    最近刷新
    2026年10月8日
    覆盖范围
    来源覆盖尚不完整。
    加载中
    373
    已知缺口
    0
  • lacnic-lacnog
    最早收录
    2026年8月1日
    最近收录
    2026年10月2日
    最近刷新
    2026年10月8日
    覆盖范围
    来源覆盖尚不完整。
    加载中
    5,813
    已知缺口
    0
  • lacnic-lactf
    最早收录
    2004年4月13日
    最近收录
    2006年12月29日
    最近刷新
    2026年10月8日
    覆盖范围
    来源覆盖尚不完整。
    加载中
    2,267
    已知缺口
    0
  • lacnic-seguridad
    最早收录
    2006年1月26日
    最近收录
    2007年12月28日
    最近刷新
    2026年10月8日
    覆盖范围
    来源覆盖尚不完整。
    加载中
    1,356
    已知缺口
    0

覆盖范围

部分
最早收录: 1999年10月21日
最近收录: 2026年10月8日

新鲜度

新鲜度: 已过期 · 最近刷新: · 最近一次刷新失败。现已显示上一次成功的结果。

已知缺口

  • politicas.lacnic.net: 来源覆盖尚不完整。 · 尚未达到来源边界。
  • www.lacnic.net: 来源覆盖尚不完整。 · 尚未达到来源边界。
  • lacnic-politicas: 来源覆盖尚不完整。 · 尚未达到来源边界。
  • www.lacnic.net: 来源覆盖尚不完整。 · 尚未达到来源边界。
  • lacnic-anuncios: 来源覆盖尚不完整。 · 尚未达到来源边界。
  • lacnic-ietf-lac: 来源覆盖尚不完整。 · 尚未达到来源边界。
  • lacnic-infofrida: 来源覆盖尚不完整。 · 尚未达到来源边界。
  • lacnic-iot: 来源覆盖尚不完整。 · 尚未达到来源边界。
  • lacnic-lacnog: 来源覆盖尚不完整。 · 尚未达到来源边界。
  • lacnic-lactf: 来源覆盖尚不完整。 · 尚未达到来源边界。
  • lacnic-seguridad: 来源覆盖尚不完整。 · 尚未达到来源边界。