- The implementation supports mission-critical rail communications by utilizing 5G Standalone core and Nokia’s 1900 MHz (n101) radio equipment operating on live Deutsche Bahn rails.
- The project, which is a component of the FP2-MORANE-2 initiative, is to provide a seamless transition from GSM-R by providing advantages including increased automation, smart maintenance, reliability, and passenger services.
What happened：World-first 1900 MHz 5G rail network goes live in Germany
On DB’s live outdoor test tracks in the Ore Mountains (Erzgebirge), Germany, Nokia and Deutsche Bahn (DB) have successfully implemented a commercial 5G radio network running in the 1900 MHz (n101) band in conjunction with a 5G Standalone (SA) core. Nokia’s AirScale portfolio equipment was used to install the system, which is designed to support the Future Railway Mobile Communication System (FRMCS).
High availability and efficiency are guaranteed by features like real-time monitoring, self-healing capabilities, and built-in failover. The deployment builds on earlier trials, including DB’s use of Nokia’s 5G SA core and a radio network in the 3700 MHz (n78) band, moving now into the dedicated 1900 MHz band to meet FRMCS requirements.
The project also integrates with the EU-funded FP2-MORANE-2 programme, which seeks to validate and scale FRMCS deployment across Europe.
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Why it’s important
GSM-R, a 2G standard that has long been used for rail communications in Europe, is becoming less and less suitable for today’s demands. With 5G-based features including reduced latency, increased bandwidth, and more dependable, secure communication, FRMCS is meant to be its replacement.
Through the deployment of a network in the 1900 MHz (n101) frequency band, which is specifically designated for railway usage in the FRMCS framework, DB is testing vital infrastructure required for mission-critical, real-time applications (e.g., intelligent stations, automated train control, and predictive maintenance).
Ensuring interoperability and a manageable migration path are also crucial. Systems like this help determine whether new 5G networks can coexist with the outdated standard during the transition period without causing service disruptions, as GSM-R must be phased out by 2030–2035.
